A beam of light is incident on the isosceles right triangular glass prison in the air. Even though we sometimes think light is white, it is actually made up of all the colors in the rainbow. Read online th physics light reflection and refraction book pdf free download link book now. The law of reflection applies, just as it does for a plane mirror, i. It is natural to treat the propagation of light in terms of rays. Total internal reflection in the equation above, if the term inside the sqrt is negative, then there is no refraction. Reflection and refraction are two different properties of light. Reflection, is when the light goes back to the previous medium, but changes direction. Light reflection and refraction notes for class 10. A wave front is the line not necessarily straight or surface connecting all the. On the flip side, refraction is when light is absorbed by the medium but the direction and speed is affected.
The eyes and brain trace the light rays back into the water as though they had not refracted, but traveled from the object in a straight line, creating a virtual image of the object that appears at a shallower depth. Ray box, single slit, mirror, protractor, rectangular glass block, pencil, ruler. The reflection and refraction of light rays and wave fronts light is a very complex phenomenon, but in many situations its behavior can be understood with a simple model based on rays and wave fronts. Light reflection and refraction notes for class 10 formulas download pdf. It is formed at the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror.
Theory materials transparent to light are called optical materials. In contrast, a less dense, lower refractive index material will reflect light. Light reflection and refraction light an object reflects light that falls on it. Students align a series of mirrors so that they can turn on a tv with a remote control when the remote is not in a direct line with the tv. The law of reflection still holds, however, at each small section of. A ray is equivalent to a very narrow beam of light, and it.
If incident ray makes 900 then the angle of reflection will also be 900 q. This scattering is caused by the interaction of light with small particles, even atoms or molecules, within the material. Reflection and refraction worksheet teachers pay teachers. When light hits the interface between a medium with a larger index of refraction and a medium with a smaller index of refraction i. In this chapter, we shall study the phenomena of reflection and refraction of light using the straightline propagation of light. Resources cover the laws of reflection and refraction, the uses of mirrors, and some practice work on shadows and eclipses. Index of refraction the index of refraction of a material is a measure of the speed of light in the material. The centre of the sphere, of which the mirror is a part, is called the centre of. Chapter 3 reflection and refraction bgu physics department. Light reflection and refraction important questions and answers.
When light hits a surface, one or more of three things may happen. Light is a form of energy, which induces the sensation of vision in our eyes and. The following worksheet is intended to be used as an inquiry worksheet. Light rays change direction when they reflect off a surface, move from one transparent medium into another, or travel through a medium whose composition is continuously changing. We see a variety of objects in the world around us. Reflection and transmission of light from multilayer films. Light, reflection, and color characteristics of light light is an electromagnetic wave. A line drawn in the direction of propagation of light is called a. The diagram below illustrates the law of reflection. When light is reflected from a smooth surface the rays incident at a. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal are all in the same plane 2. Difference between reflection and refraction with comparison. Reflection and refraction 17 be scattered away from its original direction figure 2.
In diffuse reflection, light is reflected in random directions. Reflection and refraction university of calgary in alberta. Review the laws of reflection and refraction and snells law. If a ray of light could be observed approaching and reflecting off of a flat mirror, then the behavior of the light as it reflects would follow a predictable law known as the. For a transmitted beam, the result is a bit more complicated.
A derivation of a lesserknown transfer matrix method for calculating reflectivities and transmitiv. Lenses for imaging are the most common application of refraction, and iwill be discussed in detail in a later section. We say that light is refracted when it travels through water. Using that the speed of light is v c n we deduced that.
As we develop the connection between incident, reflected, and transmitted light waves, many familiar relationships will emerge naturally e. Refraction is used to guide light in optical instruments. The basic difference between reflection and refraction is that reflection of light is the process in which light bounces back on striking the surface, while refraction of light is the process in which light changes its direction as it passes from one medium to another medium reflection vs refraction. Snells law 326 visible spectrum and dispersion 327 total internal reflection. Reflection and refraction of light physics module 6 optics and optical note that the reflecting surface of a convex mirror curves outwards while that of instruments a concave mirror curves inwards. It has been found that the speed of light varies in different optical materials. Image formation by a plane mirror 323 formation of images by spherical mirrors 324 index of refraction 325 refraction. Refraction is when the speed and direction of light changes, as light moves from one. In the chapter on lightmatter interaction we saw that when light. Download th physics light reflection and refraction book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf.
A line drawn in the direction of propagation of light is called a ray of light. A mirror is the most common example of specular light reflection. Change the angle of incidence to 20 0, 40 0 and 60 0. Whenever a light strikes the surface of some material at an angle, part of the wave is reflected and part is transmitted or absorbed. Notes physics module 6 reflection and refraction of light optics and optical instruments 190 zthe ray of light parallel to the principal axis, on reflection, passes through the focus. The scattered light goes off in many different directions, and may be scattered again and again before it is finally absorbed. Due to refraction, the velocity of transmitted light is. Total internal reflection if the angle of incidence is larger than this, no transmission occurs.
This version includes the fixed pdf worksheet files as well as the editable word copies. To examine light travel in rectangles and equilateral triangles using the laws of reflection and refraction. Reflection and transmission of light from multilayer films abstract. Knowing the difference between reflection and refraction will help you understand basic phenomenon of science. In fact the ratio of these speeds tells you the refractive index of the substance. The principal axis of the mirror is a straight line drawn through the center of curvature c and the midpoint of the mirror. Laws of reflection states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. This reflected light when received by our eyes, enables us to see things. Light may perform reflection, refraction and other phenomenon. Fiber optics 328 refraction at a spherical surface 837. Download chapter10 light reflection and refraction ncert. When light is incident upon a rough surface, even microscopically rough such as this page, it is reflected in many directions, as shown in fig. Redraw the given diagram and show the path of the refracted ray. Arab origins of the discovery of the refraction of light.
Light slows down as it passes from air to glass, and so bends toward the normal. Well come back to it later when discussing internal reflection. We now define a few important terms used for spherical mirrors. To locate an image, any two of these three rays can be chosen. These laws of reflection are applicable to all types of reflecting surfaces. Reflection refraction worksheet teachers pay teachers. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. In a solid optical material like glass the speed of light can be less than half of the. Pdf reflection and refraction of light from metasurfaces with. When this happens, no light at all escapes the medium with the larg er index of refraction and 100% of the light is reflected. Particularly our academic science software is developed with an objective in mind that students should feel that they are doing work in realtime laboratory. It is possible to see a light source even in the dark because the light passes directly into the eyes.
The law of reflection states that, on reflection from a smooth surface, the angle of the reflected ray is equal to the angle of the incident ray. Due to refraction, the velocity of transmitted light is less than the velocity before it entered the medium. Here is a list of refractive indices for common materials. List four properties of the image formed by a plane mirror. The light may be reflected back from the surface, transmitted through the material in which case it will deviate from its initial direction, a process known as refraction or absorbed by the material if it is not transparent at the. In fact, reflection of light may occur whenever light travels from a medium of read the. Refraction of light pdf refraction is the bending of light when it reading architectural working drawings residential and light goes from one transparent medium to. Feb 14, 2010 particularly our academic science software is developed with an objective in mind that students should feel that they are doing work in realtime laboratory, which materializes a genuine. Approximately 1 hour of data collection at wonderworks. Total internal reflection will occur if the incident.
Light reflection and refraction 161 let us recall these laws i the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and ii the incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence and the reflected ray, all lie in the same plane. Refractive index into a medium with a different refractive index. Request pdf arab origins of the discovery of the refraction of light the time period between 8th and th century was a period when intellectual activity in the arab world went through two. A spherical metasurface with phase discontinuities leads to unconventional light bending compared to standard refractive lenses. As a result of their experiment with reflection, students deduce that. This is called total internal refraction this happens when light tries to pass from a dense medium glass to a lessdense medium air at a shallow angle 16 air glass. Refraction of light refraction is the change of speed of light when it moves from one medium into another.
Reflection and refraction when light hits a surface, one or more of three things may happen. As shown below, an electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave consisting of mutually perpendicular oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Th physics light reflection and refraction pdf book. Students will need to be able to differentiate between a light source and a reflection.
Light speeds up as it passes from glass to air, and so bends away from the normal. A ray is a thin beam of light that travels in a straight line. Snells law also predicts the phenomenon of total internal reflection. The incident ray makes an angle of 900 with the surface. A group of rays of light emitted by a source of light is called a beam of light. Objects that produce light are called luminous and are considered sources of light.
Students learn that infrared light is reflected in the same manner as visible light. So, for a given image format and thereby a given diameter of the circle of confusion. Concepts covered include reflection, refraction, and the movement of light. Reflection and refraction are two commonly observed optical properties of light. It can be complemented by phet simulations on geometrical optics. Refraction of light simone zuccher february 4, 20 contents 1 the physical phenomenon 1 2 laws of refraction 2 3 visible light wavelength dispersion 3 4 critical angle and total internal re. In the simulation youll see a laser pointing down at a surface. Read online chapter10 light reflection and refraction ncert. When light falls on a highly polished surface like a mirror most of the light is sent back into the same medium. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Electromagnetic waves are ultimately produced by an accelerating charge. This videos explores the propagation of light, light reflection and refraction phenomena. To investigate the reflection and refraction of light.